Description
BC548 NPN Transistor🔌🎛️
The BC548 is a general-purpose NPN bipolar junction transistor (BJT) widely used in amplification, switching, and signal processing circuits. With a maximum collector current of 100mA and high current gain (hFE), it’s ideal for low-power applications like audio amplification, sensor interfacing, and driving small loads such as LEDs or relays.
Key Features:
✅ NPN Polarity: Designed for switching or amplifying positive signals.
✅ High Current Gain (hFE): Ranges from 110 to 800 (varies by variant: BC548A/B/C).
✅ Low Noise: Excellent for audio preamplifiers and signal conditioning.
✅ Compact TO-92 Package: Easy to solder and integrate into circuits.
✅ Wide Voltage Range:
- Collector-Emitter Voltage (V<sub>CEO</sub>): 30V
- Collector-Base Voltage (V<sub>CBO</sub>): 30V
Pin Configuration (TO-92 Package):
- Collector (C): Connects to the load (e.g., relay, LED).
- Base (B): Controls the transistor’s switching/amplification (connect via a current-limiting resistor).
- Emitter (E): Connects to ground (common emitter) or output (common collector).
Technical Specifications:
- Collector Current (I<sub>C</sub>): 100mA (max)
- Power Dissipation (P<sub>tot</sub>): 500mW
- Transition Frequency (f<sub>T</sub>): 150MHz
- Storage Temperature: -55°C to +150°C
Applications:
🔊 Audio Amplification: Preamp stages in audio circuits or small signal boosters.
💡 LED/Relay Driving: Switch LEDs, relays, or small motors (with a base resistor).
📡 Sensor Interfacing: Amplify weak signals from sensors (e.g., light, temperature).
🔌 Signal Switching: Turn circuits on/off using microcontroller GPIO pins.
🎛️ Oscillators and Timers: Build astable/monostable multivibrators (e.g., blinking LEDs).
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